This article explores the current outbreak of arctic clipper systems sweeping across the United States. These systems are driving record cold temperatures and widespread snowfall in the Midwest and Northeast, while the western U.S. experiences unseasonable warmth.
Drawing on long-term climate and weather expertise, we’ll unpack what clippers are and why this pattern is so extreme. We will also look at what it suggests for the remainder of the winter season.
What Is Driving the Current Cold Outbreak?
The dominant driver of this week’s wintry weather is a series of fast-moving Alberta clippers. These are compact low-pressure systems that form in western Canada and dive southeast across the northern United States.
These systems are typically light on moisture but very efficient at delivering surges of cold, dry Arctic air.
How Arctic Clippers Work
An Alberta clipper taps into polar or Arctic air masses north of the Canadian Prairies. It then steers them into the United States on the jet stream.
Because these systems are progressive and quick-moving, they often bring:
In this current setup, a series of clippers is reinforcing cold air. This is preventing any significant warm-up in the Midwest and Northeast through the week.
Record Cold in the Midwest and Northern Plains
The first intense push of Arctic air arrived over the weekend in parts of Montana, North Dakota, and northern Minnesota. Daytime highs in many locations struggled to escape the single digits or teens.
Notable Record Lows and Temperature Extremes
Several cities have already logged new daily record low temperatures, underscoring the intensity of this air mass:
As the cold entrenches itself, subzero temperatures are likely to reappear in upstate New York and northern New England. Some sites may again challenge or break daily records.
These extremes are especially impactful when combined with persistent wind. This amplifies the risk of frostbite and hypothermia for anyone outdoors without adequate protection.
Cold Spreads to the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic
By Monday, the core of the cold air mass pushes south and east. It extends well beyond the Upper Midwest.
The Arctic surge will spill down the spine of the Appalachians and along the heavily populated I-95 corridor.
Impact on Major East Coast Cities
Cities such as Philadelphia, New York, and Boston will see daytime highs that barely climb above freezing. In some neighborhoods, temperatures may remain below 32°F for much of the day.
Overnight and early morning conditions will be particularly harsh, with:
This type of cold outbreak stresses energy systems and increases heating demand. It can pose risks to vulnerable populations, including the elderly and those without reliable indoor heating.
Snowfall Patterns: Light Systems, Steady Accumulation
This pattern is not conducive to blockbuster nor’easters. However, it is ideal for frequent light to moderate snows, especially in the Northern Plains and Upper Midwest.
Each clipper brings a modest amount of moisture. The cumulative effect can be substantial.
Cities Expecting Snow from the Clipper Train
Regions downwind of the Great Lakes and across the Upper Midwest will see periodic snow bands. Notable urban areas expecting snow include:
Even a few inches of snow, combined with gusty winds and very cold surface temperatures, can create slick roadways and reduced visibility. The powdery nature of this snow also makes it prone to drifting, particularly in open rural areas.
Meanwhile, the West Warms Up
In sharp contrast to the Arctic chill in the central and eastern U.S., the western states are experiencing above-average temperatures. This kind of “split” pattern—cold east, warm west—is a familiar feature of North American winter circulation.
Unseasonable warmth in the Western U.S.
Places like Las Vegas are seeing afternoon highs near or above 70°F, several degrees warmer than seasonal norms. Such warmth may feel pleasant locally, but it highlights the strong atmospheric wave pattern currently in place, with a ridge over the West and a trough over the central and eastern U.S.
Short-Term Warm-Up, Long-Term Winter Outlook
Looking ahead, numerical weather models indicate a brief warming trend in the central U.S. by early next week. As the jet stream temporarily relaxes and shifts, the Plains should see highs rebound into the 40s and 50s in some areas.
A Brief Respite, Not the End of Winter
This warm-up will be a welcome break from the bitter cold. It is expected to be temporary.
The broader seasonal outlook suggests that:
Here is the source article for this story: Record Cold Expected From Midwest To Northeast This Week